多先验融合的图像显著性目标检测算法

为了更加准确地检测出图像中的显著性目标，提出了多先验融合的显著性目标检测算法。针对传统中心先验对偏离图像中心的显著性目标会出现检测失效的情况，提出在多颜色空间下求显著性目标的最小凸包交集来确定目标的大致位置，以凸包区域中心计算中心先验。同时通过融合策略将凸包区域中心先验、颜色对比先验和背景先验融合并集成到特征矩阵中。最后通过低秩矩阵恢复模型生成结果显著图。在公开数据集MSRA1000和ESSCD上的仿真实验结果表明，MPLRR能够得到清晰高亮的显著性目标视觉效果图，同时F，AUC，MAE等评价指标也比现有的许多方法有明显提升。     

Crossing the Border: From Keto- to Imine Reduction in Short-Chain Dehydrogenases/Reductases

The family of NAD(P)H-dependent short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) comprises numerous biocatalysts capable of C=O or C=C reduction. The highly homologous noroxomaritidine reductase (NR) from Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus and Zt_SDR from Zephyranthes treatiae, however, are SDRs with an extended imine substrate scope. Comparison with a similar SDR from Asparagus officinalis (Ao_SDR) exhibiting keto-reducing activity, yet negligible imine-reducing capability, and mining the Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase Engineering Database indicated that NR and Zt_SDR possess a unique active-site composition among SDRs. Adapting the active site of Ao_SDR accordingly improved its imine-reducing capability. By applying the same strategy, an unrelated SDR from Methylobacterium sp. 77 (M77_SDR) with distinct keto-reducing activity was engineered into a promiscuous enzyme with imine-reducing activity, thereby confirming that the ability to reduce imines can be rationally introduced into members of the “classical” SDR enzyme family. Thus, members of the SDR family could be a promising starting point for protein approaches to generate new imine-reducing enzymes.     

碳酸镉转化制备氢氧化镉及产物光催化降解性

用碳酸钠溶液直接混合硫酸镉溶液制备了沉淀碳酸镉,再以沉淀碳酸镉为基体,氢氧化钠溶液为转化剂,通过阴离子交换制备出氢氧化镉纳米材料。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）对沉淀碳酸镉和转化产物的结构和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,沉淀碳酸镉的结构遭到破坏,转化完全所得到的氢氧化镉的形貌完全不同于沉淀碳酸镉,为片状组装的不规则球体。紫外光照射下光催化降解罗丹明B染料测试表明,转化产物比沉淀碳酸镉具有更好的光催化降解性能,转化时间不同的产物表现出不同的降解效率。当20 mg的转化产物分散到50 mL 8 mg/L的罗丹明B染料中,在黑暗环境中磁力搅拌吸附120 min达吸附平衡,开启300 W紫外汞灯后,效率最高的转化产物可在180 min内将染料完全降解。     

A hybrid homogeneously weighted moving average control chart for process monitoring

Several modifications and enhancements to control charts in increasing the performance of small and moderate process shifts have been introduced in the quality control charting techniques. In this paper, a new hybrid control chart for monitoring process location is proposed by combining two homogeneously weighted moving average (HWMA) control charts. The hybrid homogeneously weighted moving average (HHWMA) statistic is derived using two smoothing constants λ₁ and λ₂ . The average run length (ARL) and the standard deviation of the run length (SDRL) values of the HHWMA control chart are obtained and compared with some existing control charts for monitoring small and moderate shifts in the process location. The results of study show that the HHWMA control chart outperforms the existing control charts in many situations. The application of the HHWMA chart is demonstrated using a simulated data.     

（S）-噻吗洛尔半水合物的合成及表征

为了开发β受体阻断剂新药（S）-噻吗洛尔半水合物，采用3-吗啉-4-氯-1，2，5-噻二唑为起始原料，经水解反应得到中间体1（3-吗啉-4-羟基-1，2，5-噻二唑）。中间体1与R-环氧氯丙烷发生醚化反应，经后处理及重结晶得到中间体2 {（R）-4-［4-（环氧乙烷-2-基甲氧基）-1，2，5-噻二唑-3-基］吗啉}。中间体2经胺化反应、马来酸成盐及重结晶得到（S）-马来酸噻吗洛尔。（S）-马来酸噻吗洛尔经游离、纯水转晶得到符合药典标准的（S）-噻吗洛尔半水合物，总收率14.05%且e.e.值为99.66%。最终成品经IR、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、MS、TGA、DSC表征，并优化各步反应条件。结果表明:以三乙胺为醚化反应缚酸剂75 ℃反应最佳；以乙醇为胺化反应溶剂46 ℃反应16 h最佳；S-噻吗洛尔的转晶拆分以水作溶剂，比传统不对称合成工艺安全稳定，操作简单，适合工业化生产。     

不同形貌碳酸钙的制备及其对PVC薄膜力学性能的影响

选用偏钒酸铵、聚乙二醇、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、焦磷酸钠十水和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为碳酸钙形貌控制剂，以氯化钙和碳酸钠为原料，用氯化法制备得到了片状、菱形、棒状、球状和立方体状5种不同形貌碳酸钙微粒，并研究不同形貌碳酸钙颗粒形态对软质聚氯乙烯（PVC）薄膜力学性能的影响。结果表明，不同形貌碳酸钙均提高了PVC薄膜的力学性能，PVC薄膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均提高显著；其中，棒状形貌碳酸钙对PVC薄膜力学性能的提高效果最好，拉伸强度达到了27.11 MPa；菱形碳酸钙改性PVC薄膜的断裂伸长率最高，为98.23 %。     

A Reduced Reachability Tree for a Class of Unbounded Petri Nets

As a powerful analysis tool of Petri nets, reachability trees are fundamental for systematically investigating many characteristics such as boundedness, liveness and reversibility. This work proposes a method to generate a reachability tree, called ωRT for short, for a class of unbounded generalized nets called ω-independent nets based on new modified reachability trees (NMRTs). ωRT can effectively decrease the number of nodes by removing duplicate and ω-duplicate nodes in the tree, and verify properties such as reachability, liveness and deadlocks. Two examples are provided to show its superiority over NMRTs in terms of tree size.      

Lean production system design for fishing net manufacturing using lean principles and simulation optimization

Value stream mapping (VSM) is a useful tool for describing the manufacturing state, especially for distinguishing between those activities that add value and those that do not. It can help in eliminating non-value activities and reducing the work in process (WIP) and thereby increase the service level. This research follows the guidelines for designing future state VSM. These guidelines consist of five factors which can be changed simply, without any investment. These five factors are (1) production unit; (2) pacemaker process; (3) number of batches; (4) production sequence; and (5) supermarket size. The five factors are applied to a fishing net manufacturing system. Using experimental design and a simulation optimizing tool, the five factors are optimized. The results show that the future state maps can increase service level and reduce WIP by at least 29.41% and 33.92% respectively. For the present study, the lean principles are innovatively adopted in solving a fishing net manufacturing system which is not a well-addressed problem in literature. In light of the promising empirical results, the proposed methodologies are also readily applicable to similar industries.     

二水硫酸钙间接矿化二氧化碳CTAB对碳酸钙晶型的影响

提升产品附加值对改善二氧化碳矿化过程的经济性具有重要意义。在二水硫酸钙与碳酸铵溶液进行间接矿化反应过程中,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）为晶型调节剂,可以获得球霰石晶型的碳酸钙。系统研究了反应时间、反应温度、CTAB加入量对碳酸钙晶型和形貌的影响,通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FT-IR）对碳酸钙的晶型、形貌进行了表征。结果表明：反应过程为先形成亚稳定相的球霰石,再向热力学最稳定的方解石相转化;添加CTAB能够明显地增强球霰石的稳定性;较低温度有利于球霰石的形成;在反应温度为30 ℃、二水硫酸钙和碳酸铵加入量均为0.1 mol/L、CTAB加入量为0.54 mmol/L条件下,碳酸钙中球霰石占比高达80%以上;CTAB在球霰石表面上的吸附降低了其表面能,从而抑制了球霰石向方解石的转化。     

Model repair — aligning process models to reality

Process mining techniques relate observed behavior (i.e., event logs) to modeled behavior (e.g., a BPMN model or a Petri net). Process models can be discovered from event logs and conformance checking techniques can be used to detect and diagnose differences between observed and modeled behavior. Existing process mining techniques can only uncover these differences, but the actual repair of the model is left to the user and is not supported. In this paper we investigate the problem of repairing a process model w.r.t. a log such that the resulting model can replay the log (i.e., conforms to it) and is as similar as possible to the original model. To solve the problem, we use an existing conformance checker that aligns the runs of the given process model to the traces in the log. Based on this information, we decompose the log into several sublogs of non-fitting subtraces. For each sublog, either a loop is discovered that can replay the sublog or a subprocess is derived that is then added to the original model at the appropriate location. The approach is implemented in the process mining toolkit ProM and has been validated on logs and models from several Dutch municipalities.